《美国大学英语写作》中标点符号的使用规则.docVIP

《美国大学英语写作》中标点符号的使用规则一、标点符号的运用 1．引号的用法 (1)用于引用某说话人或作者的话 1)被引用的句子首字母需要大写 e.g. Ben Franklin wrote, “To lengthen thy life lessen thy meals.” 2)如果引用部分被隔开，后半部分的引用部分首字母不需要大些，除非前一部分的话已经说完整而引用的后半部分又是另一个新句子 e.g. “Did you know,” said the nutrition expert, “that it’s healthier to be ten pounds overweight ?” “If I go with you to the dinner party,” my friend said, “you must promise not to discuss politics.” 3)引用部分如需和句子其他部分隔开要使用逗号 4)引号总位于句子标点符号的外面 (2)用于标出短篇作品的名称 文章标题、报纸、杂志、书名等一般需要用引号标出，也可以在名称下加下划线。在使用电脑写作时，可以用斜体字来表示这些名称。 e.g. the article “The Problem of Acid Rain” ?? in the magazine Newsweek (3)话里有话，或者话里需要引用使用单引号 e.g. The physics professor said, “For class on Friday, do the problems at the end of the chapter titled ‘Work and Energy.’” 2．逗号的用法 (1)在并列句中，连词(and, but, or, for, so, nor, yet)的前面用逗号： He asked the question in a loud voice, but no one answered. Come early, or you’ll miss the show. (2)状语从句或短语（介词短语、分词短语）在主语之前或在句子中间时，后面用逗号 e.g. When the bell rang, the teacher dismissed the class. The audience, interested in the topic, asked the speaker many questions. (3)在句中起同样作用的一系列词语或短语要用逗号分开。 e.g. The street vendor sold watches, necklaces, and earrings. The pitcher adjusted his cap, pawed the ground, and peered over his shoulder. Joe peered into the hot, still-smoking engine. *and前面的都好可以省去，不过一般都会使用逗号。 (4)插入语的前后用逗号分开 The director, in fact, has done very little work. Your work, I’m sorry to say, is not satisfactory. (5)非限定性从句或短语和句子的主要部分之间要用逗号隔开 Wang Ling, who is the best singer of the class, will teach us to sing the song. 3. 冒号 (1)引进解释 e.g. Here’s a temporary solution to a dripping faucet: Tie a string to it, and let the drops slide down the string to the sink. Three causes have been given for the failure: poor planning, insufficient manpower, and the shortage of material. (2)引进引语 e.g. My grandpa often mentions one saying by Confucius:”To day you know when you know, and to say you do not when you do not, that is knowledge.” (3)引进一个list e.g. The store will close at noon on the following date