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in- ? (also im-) pref 前缀 (with vs forming ns and vs 与动词结合构成名词和动词) in; on 在内; 向内; 在上: intake * imprint. (with ns forming vs 与名词结合构成动词) put into a certain state or condition 置於某状态或条件中: inflame * imperil. un- ? pref 前缀 (with adjs, advs and ns 与形容词﹑ 副词和名词结合) not 不; 非: unable * unconsciously * untruth.(a) (with vs forming vs 与动词结合构成动词) reverse or opposite of 相反; 对立: unlock * undo. (b) (withns forming vs 与名词结合构成动词) remove from or deprive of 移走; 免去: unearth * unmask * unhorse. mis- ? pref 前缀 (with vs and ns 与动词和名词结合) bad; wrong; not 坏; 错; 不; 没; 无: misdirect * misconduct * mistrust. de- ? pref 前缀 (with vs and related adjs, advs and ns 与动词﹑ 形容词﹑ 副词﹑ 名词结合) opposite or negative of ...的反义或否定: defrost * decentralization. removal of 除掉...: defuse * derailment. dis- ? pref 前缀 (with adjs, advs, ns and vs 後与形容词﹑ 副词﹑ 名词﹑ 动词结合) negative, reverse or opposite of 表示否定﹑ 相反或相对: dishonest * disagreeably * disagreement * disengage. NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Compare the negative prefixesnon-, un-, dis- and a-. 试比较含否定意义的前缀non-﹑un-﹑ dis-﹑ a-. 1 Non- and un- are the most freelyadded prefixes. *non-和un-在使用上最为自由. Non-is used with nouns, adjectives and adverbs and indicates an absence of something *non-附加在名词﹑ 形容词﹑ 副词前, 表示没有或不存在某事物: a non-drinker 不喝酒的人 * a non-stick pan 不粘底的锅 * speaking non-stop说个不停. Un- is added to adjectives and indicates the opposite quality from the simple word *un-附加在形容词前, 表示与原词相反的意义: unexpected = `surprising（没有料到的） * unwise = `foolish （愚蠢的）. Compare non-British (`of a nationality which is not British) andun-British (`being disloyal to Britain). 试比较non-British（非英国籍的）和un-British（不忠於英国的）. 2 In- is used with fewer words than un-, also to form opposites. *in-也用以构成反义词, 但能与之结合的词较un-少些. There are variant spellings 这一前缀有几种拼写形式: il- before l (illogical); im- before b, m, p (imbalance, immaterial, impossible) and ir- before r (irresponsible).*il-用於l之前（illogical）; im-用於b﹑ m﹑ p之前（imbalance﹑ immaterial﹑ impossible）; ir-用於r之前（irresponsible）. 3 Dis- is also used with verbs, adjectives and n