新编英语教程1 unit 8.ppt

句子成分分析 I love you. （主谓宾） Mr Wang, my History teacher at university, is 主 同位语 谓 a learned man. 表（定语） I heard him sing in the next room last night. 主 谓 宾 补 地点状语 时间状语 从句分类 名词性从句（nominal clauses): 主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句 定语从句/关系从句（attributive clauses / relative clauses）: 限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句 状语从句（adverbial clauses): 时间，地点，原因，结果，目的，方式，条件，让步，比较 What he does contradicts what he says. The fact is that you are lying. The news that our team got the champion excited everyone present. 状语从句联系词 when / while / as / as soon as … where / wherever … because / since / for … so that / in order that … so … that … / such … that … as if / as though if / in case that / lest / as long as … though / although / even if / even though … … than … Language Structures Look up the word in a dictionary that gives definitions in English. (The relative clause introduced by that as the subject，that引导关系从句，并作为该关系从句的主语) Have you read all the books that you borrowed from me? (The relative clause introduced by that as the object，that引导关系从句，并作为该关系从句的宾语） I’d like to see the gentleman who came from Germany yesterday. (The relative clause introduced by who as the subject，who引导关系从句，并作为该关系从句的主语） What’s the name of the young man who/m he introduced to us last week? (The relative clause introduced by who/m as the object，who/m引导关系从句，并作为该关系从句的宾语。) 在关系从句中，如果先行词是“人”，则引导词为who（作从句主语或宾语），whom（作从句宾语），或that（作从句主语或宾语）。 要注意的是，虽然who比whom的用处更广泛，但如果引导词前是一个介词，则引导词必须为whom，如： She is the teacher who / whom we talked about. She is the teacher about whom we talked. 在关系从句中，如果先行词是“物”，则引导词为that或which，两者均可作从句的主语或宾语。它们的区别在于： （1）如果先行词有all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, none, little等不定代词，则只能用that，不能用which； e.g. I have read all the magazines that I bought last week. （2）如果先行词被形容词最高级或first, last, any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰，则只能用that，不能用which； e.g. It is the most exciting film that I have ever seen. （3）在介词后的引导词只能用which，不能用t