2015年年北京外国语大学英语学院考研611英语基础测试(阅读)讲义-阅读练习及答案【荐】.pdfVIP

2014 年北京外国语大学英语学院考研611 英语基础测试（阅读）资料 汇编 阅读练习 例题解析 1 首先1-2 分钟通览全文 2 重点在1-2 段，并寻找中间段TOPIC 句子 3 注意强因果、强转折 4 做题加深以上体会 第一篇范文 Life expectancy in the richest countries of the world now exceeds the poorest by more than 30 years, figures show. The gap is widening across the world, with Western countries and the growing economies of Latin America and the Far East advancing more rapidly than Africa and the countries of the former Soviet Union. Average life expectancy in Britain and similar countries of the OECD was 78.8 in 2000-05, an increase of more than seven years since 1970-75 and almost 30 years over the past century. In sub-Saharan Africa, life expectancy has increased by just four months since 1970, to 46.1 years. Narrowing this health gap will involve going beyond the immediate causes of disease-poverty, poor sanitation and infection-to tackle the causes of the causes -the social hierarchies in which people live, says the report published by the Global Commission on the Social Determinants of Health established by the WHO in 2005. Professor Sir Michael Marmot, chairman of the commission, who first coined the term status syndrome, said social status was the key to tackling health inequalities worldwide. In the 1980s, in a series of ground-breaking studies among Whitehall civil servants, Professor Marmot showed that the risk of death among those on the lower rungs of the career ladder was four times higher than those at the top, and that the difference was linked with the degree of control the individuals had over their lives. He said yesterday that the same rule applied in poorer countries. If people increased their status and gained more control over their lives they improved their health because they were less vulnerable to the economic and environmental threats. When people think about those in poor countries they tend to think about poverty, lack of housing, sa