英语句子概论简化.docVIP

句子成分学案 主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. （______） He likes dancing. （_______） Twenty years is a short time in history. (______) Seeing is believing. （_______） To see is to believe. （________） What he needs is a book. （_________） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句that the elephant …是真正主语） 谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 We study English. He is asleep. 表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 He is a teacher. （______） Seventy-four! You don’t look it. （________） Five and five is ten. （_______） He is asleep. （_________） His father is in. （_______） The picture is on the wall. ( _________) My watch is gone / missing / lost. （__________） To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. （__________） The question is whether they will come. （_________） （常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来)，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉） ... It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange. Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin. The food smells delicious. The food tastes good. The door remains open. Now I feel tired. 宾语 1）动作的承受者-----动宾 I like China. （____） He hates you. （_____） How many do you need? We need two. （______） We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. （________） I hope to see you again. （_______） Did you write down what he said? （________） 2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3） 双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 We elected him monitor. （_____） We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. （____） We will make them happy. （_______） We found nobody in. ( ______) Please make yourself at home. (______） Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式） His father advised him to teach