地震子波提取方法综述.pdfVIP

地震子波提取方法综述 杨培杰，印兴耀 中国石油大学（华东）地球资源与信息学院, 山东 东营 257061 摘要:如何准确提取地震子波是储层地球物理反演中一个非常关键的问题。地震子波提取方法主 要分为确定性子波提取和统计性子波提取两种，确定性子波提取方法首先利用测井资料计算出 反射系数序列，然后结合井旁地震道由褶积模型求出地震子波；统计性子波提取方法是通过地 震道自身来估计子波，它不需要测井资料的参与。文章对这两种方法进行了详细的总结，并指 出了它们的优点与不足；同时提到了一种新的可用于准确提取地震子波的子空间分解法 关键词：确定性子波提取，统计性子波的提取，混合相位子波，高阶统计量，子空间法 Survey on seismic wavelet extraction YANG Pei-jie, YIN Xing-yao (College of Earth Resources and Information, China University of Petroleum (East China), Dongying 25706 1，Shandong Province，China) Abstract: How to extract seismic wavelet accurately is a very key problem while seismic inversion. Wavelet extraction method are divided into deterministic wavelet extraction and statistical wavelet extraction mainly, deterministic wavelet extraction utilizes well logging information to calculate out the reflection coefficient at first, then combine with seismic data near the well to extract wavelet by using convolution model; statistical wavelet extraction only utilizes seismic data alone to extract seismic wavelet, it does not need participation of the logging information. This article carried on detailed summary to these two kinds of methods, and pointed out their advantages and disadvantages; meanwhile, a new wavelet extraction method named subspace method is mentioned Key words: Deterministic wavelet extraction, Statistical wavelet extraction, Mix-phase wavelet, High-order statistics, Subspace method 前言 增长，便形成了地震子波，一个地震子波一般 1 有二至三个相位的延续长度，大约有90ms左 地震子波是地震勘探中一个非常关键的问题 [1]，在正演问题中，需要通过波动方程或褶积 右，然后以地震子波的形式在地下传播。 地震子波提取的基本框架是褶积模型，也 模型结合地震子波来形成正演模拟地震数据，