汽车英语1 5单元参考答案和译文 Unit 4 Auto Engine Awareness.docVIP

Unit 4 Auto Engine Awareness 第四单元 认识汽车发动机 Auto Engine Components 汽车发动机组件 I.课文译文 Auto Engine Components 汽车发动机组件 An automobile engine is a complex structure, It includes many components, such as the major components of the engine include the cylinder block, cylinders, pistons, connecting rods and crankshaft, cylinder head, combustion chamber, valves, camshaft, flywheel, intake and exhaust manifolds and so on. 汽车发动机是一个复杂的结构，它包括许多组件，如，缸体、气缸、活塞、连杆、曲轴、汽缸盖、燃烧室、气门、凸轮轴、飞轮、，进排气歧管等。 The cylinder block is considered the foundation of the engine，most made of cast iron or aluminum. All other components of the engine are attached to it. The cylinder block has several internal passageways to let cooling fluid circulate around the block. It also has several large holes machined into the block where the combustion occurs. 气缸体大部分由铸铁或者铝制成，被认为是发动机的基础。发动机其他所有的部件都安装在气缸体上。气缸体有几个内部通道，以便冷却液在缸体周围循环。气缸体也有几个加工成的孔洞以便燃油在这里燃烧。 The cylinders are internal holes machined into the cylinder block. These holes are used for combustion. Automobiles usually use four, six, or eight cylinders. Each cylinder has one piston. which is the round object sliding up and down Pistons are made of light material that can withstand high temperatures, such as high-quality aluminum,. When fuel and air ignite to cause expansion above the piston, this expansion forces the piston downward. The motion converts the energy in the fuel into mechanical energy. 气缸是缸体内机械加工成的若干个孔洞，这些孔洞是用于燃油的燃烧。通常情况下，汽车发动机有四缸、六缸、或八缸三种类型。每个气缸都有一个活塞。这些活塞是柱状物体并且上下滑动。活塞由铝制成，材料轻，耐高温。当空燃混合物点燃，引起活塞上面膨胀，迫使活塞向下运动。运动把燃料的化学能转换为机械能。 Attached to the bottom of the piston is the connecting rod. Its main purpose is to attach the piston to the crankshaft. The crankshaft is used to change the reciprocating motion of the piston and connecting rod to rotary motion.3 Rotary motion is used as the output power of the engine. 连杆安装到活塞的底部，其主要功能是连接活塞和曲轴。曲轴用来把活塞和连杆的往复运动改变为旋转运动。旋转运动用来发动机输出功率。 The cylinder head made of cast iron or aluminum is the part that fits over the to