计算机专业英语教程 教学课件 作者桑莉君 unit01.pptVIP

UNIT 1 Overview Of Computer COMPETENCIES After you have read this unit, you should be able to: Discuss computer and computer revolution. Describe computer hardware and software. Describe computer network and Internet. Name several network applications. Text A Overview of Computer Concept Check How many phases are divided during the computer development? Name characteristics of three phases described in the passage. List four common types of files. What is the Internet? New Words and Phrases Cornerstone n. 基础 e.g. Hard work was the cornerstone of his success.努力奋斗是他成功的基础。 prior to prep. Before 在……之前 refer to … as … 称……为…… tabulator n. 制表机 number-crunching v. 数字密集运算，即大量数值数据的运算。 up-to-the-minute adj. 包含必威体育精装版信息的 New Words and Phrases algorithmic adj. 算法的 disentangle v. 将（绳子、毛发等）理直并解开其结子，理顺 hunch n. 基于直觉的想法 educated guess （习语）根据经验做出的猜测（因此可能是正确的）; 常识；情理 diagnosis n. 诊断；确定毛病；判断问题 parse v. 对…作语法分析 ungrammatical adj. 不符合语法的；违反语法规则的 New Words and Phrases controversy n. 公开辩论；论战 stir sth. up cause (trouble, etc) 惹起（麻烦等） intellectual property 知识产权 privacy n. 独处或不受干扰的状态；隐私 context n. 环境，背景 permanent adj. 永久的;永恒的;长久的;长期的 authorize v. 授权；委任；委托 unauthorized adj. 未授权 Notes 1. The programs developed during this phase simplified the work of engineers and scientists. [分析]句子的主语是“programs”，谓语是“simplified”，其中“developed”是主语的后置定语； [译文]在这个阶段开发的程序简化了工程师和科学家的工作。 Notes 2. In some cases, number-crunching programs made it possible to do things that would have been impossible without the aid of computers. [分析]句中“it”为形式宾语，代指后面的不定式“to do things”，而其中的“things”后带有一个由that引导的定语从句； [译文] 在一些情况下，数字密集运算程序使得在没有计算机帮助下不可能做的事成为可能。 Notes 3. We can instruct the computer on precisely what to do under any set of conditions that arises. [译文] 我们能精确地指导计算机做在任何可能发生的条件下将做的工作。 Notes 4. The third phase, which we are just entering, involves solving problems that don’t have well-defined solutions. [分析]句中主语“The third phase”后紧跟着一个非限定性定语从句，而谓语是“involves” [译文] 我们正在进入的第三阶段，第三阶段涉及到解决我们还没能