机电一体化专业英语教学课件 作者 黄星 夏玉波 Unit 8.pptVIP

Part I Technical and Practical Reading Passage A Introduction to Single Chip Microprocessor and Its Circuit Single-chip is an integrated on a single chip a complete computer system. Even though most of his features in a small chip, it has a need to complete the majority of computer components: CPU, memory, internal and external bus system, most will have the core. At the same time, such as integrated communication interfaces, timers, real-time clock and other peripheral equipment. And now the most powerful single-chip microcomputer system can even voice, image, networking, input and output complex system integration on a single chip . Central Processing Unit (CPU) - ranging from small and simple 4-bit processors to sophisticated 32- or 64-bit processors; Input/Output interfaces such as serial ports (UARTs); A microcontroller is a single integrated circuit, commonly with the following features: Other serial communications interfaces like Serial Peripheral Interface and Controller Area Network for system interconnect; Peripherals such as timers and watchdog; RAM for data storage; ROM, EPROM, EEPROM or Flash memory for program storage; Clock generator - often an oscillator for a quartz timing crystal, resonator or RC circuit; Include analog-to-digital converters. Microcontroller architectures are available from many different vendors in so many varieties. Among these are the chief 8051, Z80 and ARM derivatives. Most microcontrollers can use a Harvard architecture: separate memory buses for instructions and data, allowing accesses to take place concurrently. In contrast to general-purpose CPUs, microcontrollers do not have an address bus or a data bus, because they integrate all the RAM and non-volatile memory on the same chip as the CPU. Because they need fewer pins, the chip can be placed in a much smaller, cheaper package Also known as single-chip MCU (Microcontroller), it was first used i