UML期末考试复习资料.doc

UML期末考试复习资料 （ps：打#为期中考试试题） 1.选择题（20’） 共十题 每题2分 见书本 2.名词解释（25’）共五题 每题五分 #Object-orientation: （ 面向对象） it means that we organize software as a collection of discrete objects that incorporate both data structure and behavior. Object: （ 对象）an object is a concept, abstraction, or thing with identity that has meaning for an application. Class: （类） a class describes a group of objects with the same properties, behavior, kinds of relationships and semantics. Superclass: （父类）holds common attributes operations and associations. Subclass: （子类） add specific attributes, operations and associations. Encapsulation: （封装） separates the external aspects of an object that are accessible to other objects, from the internal implementation details that are hidden from other objects. Inheritance: （继承） is the mechanim for sharing attributes, operations, and associations via the generalization/specialization relationship. Polymorphism: （多样性） polymorphism means that the same operation may behave differently for different classes. Link: （链接） a link is a physical or conceptual connection among object. Association: （关联） an association is a description of connection among classes. #Generalization：（泛化） is the relationship between a class (the superclass) and one or more variations of the class (the subclasses). Aggregation: （聚合） aggregation is a special form of association in which an aggregate object is made of constituent parts. Composition: （组合） composition is a form of aggregation with two additional constrains. Multiple inheritance: （多重继承） it permits a class to have more than one superclass and to inherit feature from all parent. Abstract Class: （抽象类） is a class that has no direct instance but whose descendant classes have direct instances. Concrete Class: （具体类） is a class that is instantiable; It can have direct instance. Concurrency: （并发） objects are autonomous entities that can act change state independent of one another. Event: （事件） an event is an occurrence at a point time. #Use cas