【高中英语语法】代词.pptVIP

代词 (pronoun) xxx 代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、不定代词、关系代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。 1、人称代词 （1）人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下4种情况： ①作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用，常用宾格。 —Does any of you know where Tom lives? —Me. What! Me (to) go with him? No! ②句子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时，与所替代的名词在人称、数、格在意义上一般要保持前后一致。 The thief was thought to be he. (the thief是主格，故用he代替) They took me to be her. （me是宾格，故用her替代） ③作表语人称代词一般用宾格，但在强调句型中，被强调部分代词的格不变。 I met her in the hospital. → It was I who met her in the hospital. ④在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。如： He is taller than me (I). 但在下列句中有区别: I like Jack as much as her.=I like both Jack and her. I like Jack as much as she.=I like Jack and she likes him, too. (2) 两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则： ①在并列主语中，“I”, “me”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二 三 一（人称），如： You ,she and I will be in charge of the case. Mr. Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him. ②第三人称，男女两性并用，男先女后。 He and she still don’t agree to the plan. (3)几个人称代词的特殊用法。 ①we/you(口语)常用来泛指一般人。 ②she可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。 The “Titanic” was the largest, wasn’t she? 2.物主代词 （1）名词和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能。 （2）one’s own…=...of one’s own句式的转换。 This is my own room. = This is the room of my own. （3）某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词。 如： take sb. by the arm be wounded in the leg. hit sb. in the face pat sb. on the shoulder/on the head 3.反身代词 （1）反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。 （2）反身代词和某些动词连用，构成固定短语。 enjoy oneself, feel oneself, make oneself at home, make oneself understood, help oneself to sth. （3）反身代词还可用于某些成语中。 for oneself 为自己 One should not live only for oneself. of oneself 自然地，自动地 The door opened of itself. by oneself 独自地，靠自己地 His father lives by himself in the village． in oneself 就其本身或本性而言 This wood is hard in itself. to oneself 独自占有或享用 When he has dinner in a restaurant, he likes a table to himself． 4.相互代词（each other, one another） 相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中作宾语。其所有格分别为each other’s 、one another’s ,作定语