一个价值链研究手册外文翻译.docVIP

外文翻译 原文 A HANDBOOK FOR VALUE CHAIN RESEARCH Material Source: /phtml Author: Raphael Kolinsky and Mike Morris 6 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS AND THE DETERMINANTS OF INCOME DISTRIBUTION In Part 1 we observed that as globalization has proceeded, so the patterns of inter country and intra-country income distribution have become more complex, and that, in general, indexes of poverty (especially in its relative meaning) have worsened. In particular, There has been a lack of correspondence between the growing global spread of Economic activities associated with meeting global needs and the incomes Which arise from these activities? Value chain analysis can help to explain this growing disjuncture between the global spread of activities and incomes, particularly in a dynamic perspective. First, by mapping the range of activities in the chain it provides the capacity to decompose total value chain earnings into the rewards which are achieved by different parties in the chain. The value of this mapping exercise should not be underestimated, because no other form of analysis provides this synoptic overview of earnings (both international and international) in globally linked activities. Other ways of viewing global distributional patterns provide only partial insights into these phenomena. For example, trade statistics only provide data on aggregate, gross returns rather than on net earnings, and branch-specific analyses (agriculture, industry, services) only capture part of the story. Secondly, a value chain perspective analyses the way in which particular firms, regions and countries are linked to the global economy. This mode of insertion will determine to a large extent the distributional outcomes of global production systems and the capacity which individual producers have to upgrade their operations and thus to launch themselves onto a path of sustainable income growth. This is really important in understanding the dynamics of income distribution over time. And, third