论城市贫困治理中的政府责任.pdf

摘 要 贫困是一个世界性问题，是伴随发展阳光下的阴影，是人类挥之不去的梦 魇。当今世界，从贫瘠的荒漠到富饶的原野，从贫穷落后的国度到高度发达的 社会，我们到处都可以看到贫困现象。如何通过界定政府责任，铲除社会中可 能孕育的文化和制度性的土壤，是我们必须为之努力探索的理论和现实问题。 我国是处于社会主义初级阶段的发展中国家，人均收入和平均生活水平都较低， 贫困现象一直较为普遍。上世纪90年代以前，农村贫困问题是严重制约我国社 会发展的桎梏，政府的扶贫开发工作也主要围绕和针对农村贫困来进行。然而 近年来，经济体制改革和政治体制改革将我国带入了一个复杂的社会转型期。 伴随着我国经济的持续快速发展，城市贫困问题日益凸显，并逐渐成为摆在我 国政府面前的一个重大社会问题。 鉴于此，本文分六章来论述我国城市贫困治理中的政府责任问题，以城市 贫困的概念和相关理论为基础，剖析我国城市贫困的现状，以政府在城市贫困 治理中的责任定位为基点，借鉴西方发达国家城市贫困治理的经验，提出完善 我国城市贫困治理的对策性建议，以期突破城市贫困这一中国社会发展和全面 建设小康社会的瓶颈，从而把经济发展和改革成果“涓滴”到处于社会底层中 的贫困人群，使广大人民群众共享改革发展与社会进步带来的利益成果。 关键词：城市贫困；城市贫困治理； 政府责任；底线公平 1 Abstract Poverty is a worldwide problem, the shadow under the sunshine of development and the nightmare enwinds the human beings. In the modern world, we can see the phenomenon of poverty everywhere, from the barren hungriness to the rich field, from the laggard country to the developed society. How to define the responsibility of the government and eradicate the cultural and systematic soil which may gestate poverty is the theoretical and practical problem we must make great effort to explore. Our country is a developing country which is still in the initial period of socialism, the per capita income and average standard of living are both comparatively low, so poverty is ubiquitous. Before 90s in the 20th century, the poverty problem in rural areas was a shackle that severely restricted the development of our society. The poverty relief and development work of the government was mainly against poverty in rural areas. While in recent years, the systematic reform of economy and politics lead our country into a complicated transferring period. With the continuous high