男女生殖系 组织学与胚胎学.pptVIP

医学 HISTOLOGY EMBRYOLOGYMale and Female Reproductive Systems Reproductive System Sex, Gender, Reproduction Germ Cells: sperm and ovum (haploid) Sex Hormones: Male---Androgens (Testosterone) Female---Estrogen , Progestogen Developmental Stages: infant, child, puberty, adult, menopause and old Male Reproductive System Testis: producing sperm and hormone Epididymis: sperm maturation, storage Vas deferens: sperm passage during ejaculation Accessory glands (prostate, seminal vesicle, bulbourethral gland) : seminal plasma--- environment for sperms Penis and scrotum TESTISa pair in scrotum Capsule: tunica vaginalis, albuginea and vasculosa, mediastinum testis septulum testis into 250 testicular lobules Seminiferous Tubule producing sperm Testicular Interstitium producing androgens by Leydig cell Seminiferous Tubules Spermatogenic Cells - spermatogonia - primary spermatocyte - secondary spermatocyte - spermatid - testicular sperm Sertoli Cell Spermatogenesis Stage 1 : spermatogonia mitosis (5) Stage 2 : spermatocyte meiosis (2) Stage 3 : spermiogenesis - round spermatid - elongated spermatid - testicular sperm ( no motility, no fertilizing capability) SPERM Condensed nucleus with haploid (X/Y) Flagellum and mitochondrial sheath Acrosome containing enzymes Membrane with ovum-recognizing ligand Sertoli Cell Support and nutrition Blood-testis Barrier Secretion: Androgen Binding Protein Inhibin Phagocytosis Leydig Cell in Interstitium Steroid- producing cell structure Androgens : spermatogenesis/ secondary sexual characteristic development Hormonal regulation - Hypothalamus GnRH - Pituitary Gland FSH LH (ICSH) - Testis Sertoli Leydig Sperm Passage Tubules rectus Rete testis Efferent ductules Ductus epididymis Vas deferens Urethra Epididymis Efferent ductules: principal cell with cilia glandular c