系表结构精讲精练.docVIP

主系表结构 主系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。?系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和句子中的表语一起构成谓语。简单地说，将主语和表语联系在一起，并构成一个完整句子的动词就叫做系动词。主要用以说明主语的特征类属状态身份等。一　连系动词： 分为三类：be 动词，感官动词，趋势动词。 1) Be 动词：am, is, are, was, were 2) 感官动词：sound, look, taste, feel, smell 3) 趋势动词：appear, become, grow, get, turn, seem, remain系动词: 1.表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound; 2.表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand; 3.表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow; 二　表语： 下列成分都可以做表语：名词， 形容词，副词， 动词不定式，动名词，现在分词，过去分词，表语从句．1) 名词:　 I am a student. 2) 形容词：　 He became strong. 3) 副词：　 She remained there. 4) 现在分词：　The story seemed interesting. 5) 过去分词：　The windows seemed broken. 6) 动名词：　 His job is teaching English. 7) 动词不定式：Her plan is to become the winner in the game. I am playing basketball. He is hit by one brick. (2) 持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如： I hope you’ll keep fit. 我希望你身体好。 He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。 The door remained closed. 门仍然关着。 We can remain friends. 我们可以继续做朋友。 Please stay seated. 请继续坐着。 He stayed single. 他仍然是单身。 (3) 表像系动词：表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。如： He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 He seems (to be) quite happy. 他好像很快活。 The doctor seemed very capable. 那医生似乎很能干。 He appeared quite well. 他显得身体相当好。 He appeared taken aback. 他似乎很吃惊。 She appeared perplexed. 她显得迷惑不解。 (4) 感官系动词：表示“……起来”，有feel(摸起来，感觉) , smell(闻起来) , sound(听起来) , taste(尝起来，吃起来) 等。如： This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软。 He looks honest, but actually he’s a rogue. 他看起来很老实，实际他是一个坏蛋。 They all look alike to me. 他们的模样我看起来都一样。 Everybody feels contented. 每个人都感到很满足。 Ice feels cold. 冰感觉起来是凉的。 Silk feels soft and smooth. 丝绸摸起来很柔软平滑。 It sounds a good idea. 这听起来是个好主意。 This food tastes good. 这菜好吃。 (5) 变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run如： He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。 She had grown thinner and thinner. 她越来越瘦了。 His cold was growing worse. 他的感冒越来越严重了。 She’s growing fat. 她正在发胖。 He’s grown used to it. 他对此已经