水稻超高产栽培的精确定量化——设计与实现.docVIP

水稻超高产栽培的精确定量化——设计与实现 丁艳锋1，凌启鸿1，李刚华1，陈书2，石世杰3，黄庆宇,4 （1南京农业大学，江苏　南京，210095；2永胜县农业局，云南，丽江，674200， 3武进区农业科学研究所 江苏 常州 213175，4永胜县涛源农业技术推广站，云南，丽江，674205） 摘 要：2004～2006年，分别在江苏武进和云南涛源进行水稻超高产精确定量栽培攻关。试验实施前，针对品种（组合）的生育规律、产量形成特性和当地的生态条件，运用精确定量栽培的技术原理，武进试验点粳稻新品种（组合）9746以800 kg?666.7m-2为目标，涛源试验点协优107以1300 kg?666.7m-2为目标，制定实现目标产量的栽培技术方案。对品种的穗粒结构、播栽期、栽插基本苗数、氮肥用量及运筹比例等关键栽培技术进行了定量化设计，并在试验过程进行了严格的实施。结果表明，武进试验点保证了9746超高产量潜力的表现，平均产量达803 kg?666.7m-2，涛源保证了协优107超高产量潜力的表现，实际产量达1287 kg?666.7m-2，并创造了世界最高产量纪录。结果认为超高产品种与精确定量栽培技术的结合是该项试验能取得水稻产量新突破的关键，试验实施过程中初步形成的水稻目标产量设计栽培技术具有较好的普适性和可操作性，有利于水稻生产最终实现“高产、优质、高效、生态、安全”要求。 关键词：水稻；超高产；定量化；设计 Design approach and realization of Precision and Quantitative Cultivation of Super-high-yield Rice DING Yan-Feng1, LING Qi-Hong1, Li Gang-Hua1, CHEN Shu2, SHI Shi-Jie3, HUANG Qing-Yu4 1.Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu; 2.Agriculture station of yongsheng county,Lijiang,674200,Yunnan; 3.Institute of Wujin Area Agriclture Sicience;4. Taoyuan Agricultural technology extension Station of yongsheng county, Lijiang,674205,Yunnan Abstract: Precision and quantitative scheme of cultivations in rice super-high-yielding were conducted respectively in Wujin, Jiangsu Province of eastern China and Taoyuan, Yunnan Province of South-western China from 2004 to 2006. Cultivation schemes for the planned yield were established based on the principles and rules of high-yield rice, which were proved up by the former in-depth studies. According to analysis and investigation in detail, the aim yield for Japonica rice, cv. 9746 in Wujin, Jingsu province, and that for Indica hybride rice, cv. xieyou107 in Taoyuan, Yunnan province, were designed for 800 kg?666.7m-2 and 1300 kg?666.7m-2 respectively. The key parameters for design, such as components of yield, date of seeding and transplantation, transplanting density of seedlings, nitrogen fertilizer amount applied and nitrogen arrangement in whole growth stage were quantitative designed before and strictly operate