80万方的每天轻烃回收装置工艺设计论文.doc

摘 要 轻烃又称为天然气凝液（NGL），在组成上覆盖，含有凝析油组分（）。轻烃回收是指天然气中比甲烷或乙烷更重的组分以液态形式回收的过程。轻烃回收的目的一方面是为了控制天然气的烃露点以达到商品气质量指标，避免气液两相流动；另一方面，回收的液烃有很大的经济价值，可直接用作燃料或进一步分离为乙烷、丙烷、丁烷、或丙丁烷化合物（液化气）、轻油等，也可以用做化工原料。另外，轻烃作为一种新型的清洁能源，市场前景非常可观。所以，设计合理的轻烃回收装置，在化工生产中具有很大的必要性。 本设计主要针对轻烃的回收装置进行，根据原料气的组成及产品指标，计算出合理的分离序列。通过计算可以得到脱乙烷塔和丙丁烷塔的塔径分别是1.5m和1.8m，理论板数分别为10块和11块，回流比分别为1.500和1.083。脱乙烷塔的操作条件为塔顶-31.75，1.164MPa，塔底为40.52，1.400MPa，丙丁烷塔的操作条件为29.58，0.910MPa，塔底为107.9，0.930MPa。确定塔的形式都为浮阀塔，分别对两个塔的各项参数进行了设计，并对塔进行了水力学校核，所得的塔能较好的达到分离要求。 关键词: 轻烃；分离；精馏；设计 ABSTRACT Light hydrocarbon, which is also called the Natural gas condensate, in the composition is covered by , and contains oil condensate components. Light hydrocarbon is point to the process that to recovery the composition as liquid that more heavy than methane or ethane?in the Natural gas. The purpose of the light hydrocarbon recovery is to control the gas hydrocarbon dew point in order to achieve quality goods gas index, avoid gas-liquid two phase flow; On the other hand, the liquid hydrocarbon recovery has a great economic value, it can be directly used for fuel or further separation for ethane ,propane ,butane ,or propane and butane compounds (liquefied petroleum gas) , light oil etc ,also can be used as raw material for chemical industry. In addition, as a new clean energy, light hydrocarbon’s market foreground is very considerable. So ,to design the reasonable light hydrocarbon recycling equipment has great necessity in chemical production. The design for the main light recovery device ,according to the composition of the gas material and product index ,calculate reasonable separation sequence. Through the calculation can get to take off the ethane tower and the tower propane and butane tower diameter are 1.5 m and 1.8 m, respectively ,theory respectively numbers of plate are 10 and 11 piece ,reflux ratio are 1.500 and 1.083,respectively.The operation condition for take off ethane tower are -31.75,1.164MPa for the top and 40.52,1.400MPa for the bottom of