基于PLc的中央空调控制系统设计论文.doc

毕　业　设　计题　　目： 基于PLC的中央空调控制系统设计 基于PLC的中央空调控制系统设计摘要中央空调现已广泛的应用在各大商场、办公大厦等场所中，传统控制系统中在控制较适宜的温度的同时，却消耗了大量的能量。如今，人们越来越重视中央空调的舒适性和节能性，本文重点研究了中央空调冷冻泵机组控制系统，为舒适的生活工作环境及有效节能提供了技术条件。本文首先介绍了中央空调的结构和工作原理，总结了传统中央空调的缺点，即冷冻泵、冷却泵不能自我调节负载，长期处于满负荷运行，造成了极大的能源浪费，随着变频技术日趋成熟，利用变频器、PLC、数模转换模块、温度传感器等器件的有机结合，构成温差闭环自动控制系统，自动调节水泵的输出流量达到节能目的。该系统采用西门子的S7—200PLC作为主控制单元，利用传统 PID 控制算法，通过西门子 MM440 变频器控制水泵运转速度，保证系统根据实际负荷的情况调整流量，实现恒温控制，同时又可以节约大量能源。通过对中央空调的理论分析，验证了以出回水温差为根据对其进行变流量控制的可靠性。对变频控制系统进行了设计，为实现温度信号远距离传送，设计了基于 USS 协议的RS-485总线通讯的网络。通过西门子 TD200 文本显示器实现人机界面的设计，最后使用 MCGS 工控组态软件进行了系统的组态设计研究。关键词 中央空调；PLC；变频器；PID；RS-485 PLC Based Central Air Conditioning Control System DesignAbstractCentral air conditioning has been widely used in major shopping malls, office buildings and other places, the traditional control system in the control of suitable temperature at the same time, it consumes a lot of energy.nowadays, people pay more and more attention to central air conditioning comfort and energy efficiency, this paper focuses on the research of central air conditioning refrigeration pump unit control system, for comfortable living and working environment and effective energy-saving provide technical conditions.This paper introduces the structure and working principle of central air conditioning, summarizes the traditional central air-conditioning system shortcomings, namely refrigeration pump, cooling pump can not self regulation in long-term load, full load operation, causing great waste of energy, along with the frequency conversion technology is mature with each passing day, the use of frequency converter, PLC, digital to analog conversion module, temperature sensors and other devices the organic combination of form, thermoelectric closed-loop automatic control system, automatically adjust the pump output flow to achieve the purpose of energy saving. The system adopts Siemens S7-200PLC as the main control unit, by using the traditional PID control algorithm, through the MM440 Siemens inverter control p