基于单片机的环境噪声监测仪的设计.doc

PAGE 2 基于单片机的环境噪声监测仪的设计院 系自动化学院专 业测控技术与仪器班 级5407102学 号200504071041姓 名徐莉指导教师刘利秋负责教师刘利秋沈阳航空工业学院2009年6月摘 要噪声对人体健康有着严重的危害，因此减少噪声危害已成为当前一项重要的任务。环境噪声监测，是人类提高生活质量，加强环境保护的一个重要环节。本文详细介绍了噪声监测系统的测量原理和系统组成，包括：噪声信号的转换、放大、V/F转换、数据采集和显示系统的设计。外界噪声信号通过传声器转换成音频信号，电信号经过放大和V/ F 变换输入到单片机进行处理，并转换成相应的噪声分贝值通过LED 显示，从而实现噪声的实时监测。该系统具有实现简单，精确度高，可用于实际进行噪声的实时监测等特点。关键词：运算放大器；V/F转换器；单片机；LEDAbstractThe noise does the health of people a lot of harm, so cutting down the danger of the noise has become a term of important task now. Measuring noise of environment has played an important role in improving the living quality and strengthening the environment safeguard. In the paper, the measurement principle and the system constitution are introduced in detail, including: the noise signal converting system, signal magnifying system, V/F converting system, data collection and indication system. This paper introduces the ways to convert the real-time monitoring of the noise into acoustic frequency electrical signal by using microphone, operational amplifier and V/ F converter, which will act as Single Chip Micoyo’s input signal. Then the SCM will change it into a noise DB value, which will be displayed on LED. This system is simple 0and has high precision, so it is always used in monitoring the urban noise real-time.Key words：operational amplifier; V/ F converter；Single Chip Micoyo; LED目 录 TOC \t 标题_谢辞及参考文献,1,标题_附录,1,第2级标题,2,第3级标题,3,第1级标题,1 第1章 绪论 PAGEREF _Toc232584427 \h 11.1 课题产生的背景 PAGEREF _Toc232584428 \h 11.2 有关噪声的基础知识 PAGEREF _Toc232584429 \h 31.2.1 振动与声 PAGEREF _Toc232584430 \h 31.2.2 声波方程 PAGEREF _Toc232584431 \h 41.2.3 声压级测量机理 PAGEREF _Toc232584432 \h 51.2.4 噪声简介 PAGEREF _Toc232584433 \h 61.3 噪声监测系统的研发现状 PAGEREF _Toc232584434 \h 71.4 本课题的主要任务及意义 PAGEREF _Toc232584435 \h 81.4.1 设计任务 PAGEREF _Toc232584436 \h 81.4.2 课题意义 PAGEREF _Toc232584437 \h 91.4.3 论文内容安排 PAGEREF _Toc232584438 \h 9第2章 噪声监测系统的总体方案设计 PAGEREF _Toc232584439 \h 102.1 噪声监测系统任务分析 PAGEREF _Toc232584440 \h