燃煤电站电除尘性能分析研究.doc

内蒙古工业大学本科毕业论文 PAGE 摘 要 中国是世界上静电除尘器生产、应用大国，目前国内绝大多数的燃煤电站都选用静电除尘器作为其烟气除尘设备。然而由于静电除尘器的除尘效率较低，其已经不能满足新的环保标准的要求，现役的静电除尘器面临着被淘汰的危险。如何提高静电除尘器的除尘效率是当今电力行业急需解决的问题。想要解决这个问题就一定要了解影响静电除尘器性能的因素，而分析研究这些因素所造成的影响也是本文的主要内容。 本文总结有四种影响静电除尘器性能的因素，分别是粉尘特性、烟气特性、结构因素和运行因素。这四种因素对电除尘效率的造成的影响，本文都进行了细致的分析。其中粉尘比电阻和烟气特性对静电除尘器性能影响较为突出。本文针对这些因素所造成的不良影响给出了应对方法，诸如高粉尘比电阻粉尘需要进行烟气调质，在烟气特性方面则需要选择适当的煤种来降低不良的影响。这些对策能够对静电除尘器进行外部或局部的优化改造，能够有效提升静电除尘器性能。在此基础上本文还通过两种除尘器运行特点的比较指出静电除尘器的不足之处，介绍了目前可行的对静电除尘器本体进行优化改造的方案。其中改造电—袋复合式除尘器取得了良好的效果并得到广泛应用。相信随着对电除尘技术进一步认知，优化改造方式的完善以及新技术的应用，未来静电除尘器还会拥有广阔的应用前景。 关键词：电除尘器；优化改造；除尘效率；影响因素及对策 Abstract China is the worlds electrostatic precipitator production and application in power, the home of most of the coal-fired power stations are chosen as the electrostatic precipitator flue dust removal equipment. However, because of the electrostatic precipitator dust removal efficiency is low, the cannot have satisfied the requirements of the new environmental standards, current of electrostatic precipitator face elimination dangerous. How to improve the electrostatic precipitator dust removal efficiency is the electric power industry problems needed to resolve. Want to solve this problem will be to understand the influence factors of electrostatic precipitator performance, and analysis the effect of these factors is the main content of this article. This paper summarizes the four of the influence factors of performance electrostatic precipitator, respectively is dust characteristics, smoke characteristics, structure factors and operation factors. The four factors on the electric dust removal efficiency, this paper is the influence of a detailed analysis. Including dust resistance properties and smoke characteristics than the impact on performance of electrostatic precipitator is serious. This paper factors for the harmful effect gives way to deal with such as high resistance, dust to dust than gas conditioning, smoke characteristics in are the need to choose the appropriate c