阻燃剂四溴双酚A的环境友好合成.pdfVIP

阻燃剂四溴双酚A 的环境友好合成 摘 要 阻燃剂就是能够提高易燃或可燃物的难燃性、自熄性或消烟性的一种助剂。阻 燃主要通过冷却、稀释、形成绝热层和终止自由基链反应等途径来达到阻止或减缓 燃烧的目的。 本文通过实验研究了过氧化氢存在条件下，以双酚A和液溴为原料合成四溴双 酚Ａ的最佳工艺条件，考察了n(Br ) ∶n(双酚A) 、n(H O ) ∶n(Br ) 、反应时间、回流 2 2 2 2 时间等因素对反应的影响，并通过正交实验，优化了合成工艺条件。实验表明： n(Br ) ∶n(双酚A)=2.25 ∶1.00、n(H O ) ∶n(Br )=1.30 ∶1.00、反应温度 15～25 ℃、 2 2 2 2 回流时间 1.5h、每克双酚A加水 4mL为最佳合成条件。四溴双酚A 的收率达到 97%， 反应过程中原料溴的利用率较高。产品四溴双酚A 的熔点和结构均符合文献值，合 成工艺环境友好、成本低、易于实现工业化。本文还对以NaClO 为氧化剂及以NaBr 为原料的合成方法进行了探索。 关键词：阻燃剂，四溴双酚A ，双酚A ，溴，过氧化氢 - I - 阻燃剂四溴双酚A 的环境友好合成 Abstracts Flameretardant is an aid medicament which can made the flammability or combustible substance to hard burn, self extinguish and eliminate mist. Retardant burning mainly through the path of cooling, dilute, form absoulutely heat layer and terminate the free radicals chain reaction to attain the purpose of arrestment or deceleration combustion. Tetrabromobisphenol A was prepared by reaction of bisphenol A with Br and H O 2 2 2 in the presence of H O and inactive solvent. The influences of the ratio of reactants and 2 the reaction time were studied and the technological conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiments. When the molar of Br2 to bisphenol A was 2.25,reaction temperature was 15～25 ℃, molar ratio of H O to Br was 1.30, and 4 mL of water was 2 2 2 added per gram of