大学英语B非谓语动词.docVIP

非谓语动词考点分析 一． 非谓语动词的基本特征： 非谓语动词有动名词，不定式，分词（现在分词和过去分词）三种，不能单独作谓语。非谓语动词的特点有： 1. 保留动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语，状语； 典型例题: Dont forget ____ ___ the window before leaving the room.答案 B A. to have closed B. to close C. having closed D. closing 2. 有时态语态意义的变化； 非谓语动词 时态意义 语态意义 不定式 将来 主动to do 被动 to be done -ing分词 进行 主动doing 被动 being done -ed分词 完成 被动 A bridge being built now 进行被动---正在修建的桥 A bridge to be built next year 将来被动----明年修建的桥 A bridge built two years ago 完成被动----两年前修建的桥 典型例题: Id love ________ to your party last Friday if not because of unexpected guests.答案 D A. to go B. going C. having gone D. to have gone 典型例题: They will do something to make sure that people will not worry about having their cars _______ again.答案 D A. steal B. to steal C. stealing D. stolen 3. 还有非动词的特征，相当于名词和形容词； Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。 典型例题:_______ tired after a days work ,she fell into bed and went straight to sleep.答案 B A. Felt B. Feeling C. Being felt D. To feel 4. 非谓语动词的否定式均在前面加not。 Not having been there before, he got lost soon. 典型例题: Alice regretted __ ___ to Johns birthday party last Sunday.答案 A A. not going B. not to go C. not having been going D. not to be going 典型例题: She apologized for __________ to attend the birthday party.答案 B A. her being not able B. her not being able C. her not to be able D. her to be not able 5. 非谓语动词作定语时的位置问题： 不定式作后置定语，（2）动名词作前置定语，（3）一般情况下单个分词作前置定语， 分词短语作后置定语。例如： I have an important meeting to attend. This is a sleeping car. Our country is a developing country. The car ran along the road covered with snow. 二． 关于不定式的时态和语态 1. 时态\语态　　　 主动　　　　　被动 一般式　　　　　 to do　　　　　　to be done 进行式　　　　　 to be doing　　 完成式　　　　　 to have done　　 to have been done 完成进行式　　　 to have been doing　　 1 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. I hope that Ill see you again.　我希望再见到你。