单片机与PC间通信电路设计.docVIP

单片机与PC机间通信电路设计 摘 要 51单片机是一种集CPU，RAM，FLASH ROM，I/O接口和定时中断系统于一体的微型计算机。只要有外加电源和晶体振荡器就可以独立完成对数字信号的算术运算，逻辑控制，串行通信等功能。由于单片机具有体积小，重量轻，功耗低，功能强，价格低，可靠性好等诸多优点，因而在仪器仪表，家用电器，数据采集等一些嵌入式控制领域被广泛应用。 当需要处理较复杂数据或需要对多个采集数据进行综合处理以及需要进行集散控制时，单片机的算术运算和逻辑运算能力显的不足，这时往往需要借助计算机系统。将单片机采集的数据通过串行口传给PC机，由PC机高级语言或数据库语言进行处理，或者实现PC机对远程单片机进行控制。 本设计实现了单片机与PC间的通信。随着计算机技术的快速发展和广泛应用 ，上位机和下位机的主从工作方式为工业控制及自动控制系统所采用。由于个人电脑机分析能力强 、处理速度更快及单片机使用灵活方便等特点 ，所以一般都将个人电脑机作为上位机，单片机作为下位机 ，二者通过 RS一 232 或者 R S-485 接收、发送数据和传送指令。单片机可单独处理数据和控制任务 ，同时也将数据传送给 Pc 机 ，由 Pc 机对这些数据进行处理或显示。 关键词：单片机，个人电脑，RS232，串行通信 ABSTRACT The 51chip is a set of CPU, RAM, FLASH ROM, I/O interface and a timer interrupt system was one of the miniature computer. As long as the external power supply and the crystal oscillator can be independently completed the digital signal arithmetic, logic control, serial communications and other functions. Because the SCM has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low power consumption, strong function, low cost, good reliability and many other advantages, so in the instrumentation, household appliances, data acquisition is widely used in some embedded control. When the need to handle more complex data or the need for multiple sampling data and the need for distributed control, SCM arithmetic and logic operation capacity was insufficient, and often needs the help of computer system. The MCU collected data through the serial transmission to the PC machine, PC machine by high-level language or database language processing, or the realization of PC on the remote controlled by single chip. The design and implementation of the communication between SCM and PC. With the rapid development of computer technology and the widespread application, the host computer and lower computer master-slave mode for industrial control and automatic control system used in the. Because of PC analysis capability, faster processing speed and a single chip computer easy to use, so generally Pc as up machine, single chip microcompute