《医学影像学》中枢神经系统总论7年制精品课.pptVIP

Central nervous system (CNS) Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital , Shantou University , Medical College 郑文斌 BrainCommon imaging methord * Plain skull film * Cerebral angiography * Computed tomography * Magnetic resonance imaging * Air encephalography and cisternography * Ultrasonography * Radionuclide Plain skull film X-Ray Angiography How is X-ray angiograms generated? Cerebral angiography 1. DSA: Vertebrobasilar artery 椎基动脉 Internal carotid artery 颈内动脉 Extenal corotid artery 颈外动脉 Willis 环 2. Cerebral vascular disease: Carotid angiogramAnterior viewCarotid angiogramLateral View Vertebral angiogramLateral View?Vertebral angiogramAnterior view? CT Technique 1、Scanning base line：OM line. 2、Scanning routine： Cross section Slice thickness : 8－10mm 3、Fine scanning : Slice thickness: 1-3 mm 4、 Enhancement contrast scanning： 80-100ml contrast CT Technique Plain scan Contrast scan CTA CT Perfusion CT Technique Window width Window level CT value ： Hounsfield unit，HU * Bone （1000Hu） * Water（0Hu） * Air（ ～ －1000Hu） * Solf tissure （－1000Hu） * Fat （－70～－90Hu） CT CT Application in head 1. Cerebral trauma； 2. Tumors； 3. Infections； 4. Degeneration of white matter； 5. Myelination of white matter； 6. Cerebral vascular disease； 7. Congenital malformation. 颅骨骨折 Cerebral Infarction- Images 颈内动脉瘤 Brain Tumor Astrocytoma- grade II Astrocytoma- grade III Astrocytoma- Grade IV Astrocytoma- Grade IV Medulloblastoma Meningioma Neurinoma Pituitary macro-adenoma CT Limitation 1. Iso-intensity focal lesion； 2. Diameter 1CM; 3. Meninges lesions， 4. Lesions in posterior fossa. 5. Metal foreign body in brain. Vascular Diseases  Aneurysm; Vascular malformation; Intracerebral haemorrhage; Infarction ; 三、三维重建技术 最大密度投影（MIP): 动脉瘤 2、 SSD （表面遮盖显示） SSD （表面遮盖显示） MRI Technique 1. Sequence: