驾驶、高空作业和机械操作的安全用药.pdfVIP

药物警戒 Pharmacovigilance 驾驶、高空作业和机械操作的安全用药 1 2* 2 1 武迎磊 ，赵志刚 ，崔向丽 ，袁耀辉 1.邢台市第三医院药剂科，邢台 054000；2.首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院药剂科，北京 100050 摘要：目的：总结对驾驶、高空作业和机械操作有影响的药物分类并分析其作用机制。方法：通过对药品说明书、工具书的 查阅及数据库的文献检索，收集对驾驶、高空作业和机械操作有影响的药物，并对其作用机制进行综合分析。结果：对驾 驶、高空作业和机械操作有影响的药物主要是对神经系统有影响的药物。结论：影响神经系统的药物会给从事驾驶、高空作 业和机械操作人员带来潜在的危险，应引起广大医师和药师的关注。 关键词：不良反应；安全用药；驾驶；高空作业；机械操作 [中图分类号] R97　　[文献标识码]A　　[文章编号]1672－2809（2010）10-0056-06 The Safe Use of Drugs on Driving, Aloft Work and Mechanized Operation 1 2* 2 1 WU Ying-lei , ZHAO Zhi-gang ,CUI Xiang-li ,YUAN Yao-hui 1.Department of Pharmacy,the Third Hospital of Xingtai, Xingtai 054000; 2.Department of Pharmacy, Beij ing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beij ing 100050 Abstract ：Obj ective ：Summarize and classify the medicines which affect driving ，aloft work and mechanized operation and analyzed their active mechanism. Methods ：We collected the medicines which can affect driving, aloft work and mechanized operation through consulting drug instructions, reference books and searching related literations in database, and then comprehensirely analyzed their mechanism. Results: Most of the drugs which affect driving, aloft work and mechanized operation have impact on the nervous system. Conclusions: Drugs which have impact on the nerrous system can bring potential danger to employees of driving, aloft work and mechanized operation, and doctors and pharmacists should pay attention to them. Key words: ADR; Safety use of drugs; Drive; Aloft work; Mechanized operation 驾驶 、高空作业和机械操作属于特殊工 的药物。主要包括苯二氮卓类、巴比妥类和非苯二 作，除了必须掌握基本的操作技能外 ， 氮卓类药物。常用镇静催眠药及作用特点见表1。 还必须保持头脑清醒 ，注意力集中，视物清晰等 1.1 苯二氮卓类药物 状态。很多药物会对神经系统产生不良影响，包括 苯二氮卓类药物主要作用是抗焦虑、镇静、 嗜睡、眩晕、耳鸣、视物模糊、肌张力障碍和平衡 催眠、中枢性肌肉松弛及抗癫痫，其药理作用主要 能力下降等。这些药物的不良反应会使驾