台南市德光女中英文科英文法教学补助教材.pptVIP

台南市德光女中英文科英文法教學補助教材 Tainan Deguang Catholic Girls’ High School English Grammar Teaching Material 目 錄 第1章 句子結構與五大句型 第2章 時態 第3章 語態 第4章 主詞與動詞一致 第5章 助動詞 第6章 假設語氣 第7章 不定詞 第8章 動名詞 第9章 分詞 第10章 易混淆動詞 　 第6章 假設語氣觀念入門 ◎　何謂假設語氣? 在英語裡, 凡表達「與事實不符的假定、想像、願望等」時, 一定要把動詞的慣常使用法加以改變, 這種特殊的動詞用法, 叫做「假設語氣」。 假設語氣 四種基本句型：a . 與現在事實相反的 假設語氣b. 與過去事實相反的 假設語氣c. 與未來狀況相反的 假設語氣d. 純條件的 假設語氣 (現在或未來可能發生, 但不確定的事) 假設法V.使用原則 一、與現在事實相反的 假設語氣If 子句： 過去式 主要子句：would+V 　　 與過去事實相反的 假設語氣If 子句: 過去完成式 主要子句: would+have +pp If he had studied hard, he could have won the scholarship. If I had had enough time, I would have gone with you. If I had arrived by three, I could have met him. If I had taken your advice, I might have been happier. 與過去事實相反的 假設語氣If 子句: 過去完成式 主要子句: would+have +pp 但: 結果和 “現在”有關時, 主要子句 V.用 would+V ◆ If I had taken the doctor’s advice then, I should not be ill now. ◆ If I had studied hard before, I would be a college student now. 與未來事實相反的 假設If 子句: S.+ were to + V 主要子句: would+ V. If the sun were to rise in the west, I would not change my mind. If I were to be reborn, I would be a musician. 純條件的假設語氣 If 子句： 現在式 主要子句：will +V *If I find the lighter, I will give it to you. *If he is here, I will beat him. *If it rains tomorrow, they will not come. *If we don’t hurry, we will be late. *If he comes, tell him to wait. 純條件的假設語氣 (條件句） (未來可能發生的假設) ： If 子句 : S.+ 現在式 主要子句: will + V. ◆ If he is here, I will beat him. (If he were here, I would beat him.) ◆ If it rains tomorrow, I will not come. ◆ If I (should) fail, I will do it again. 假設語氣的其他形式 1. If 的省略: Were I young, I would learn to ski. (=If I were young, ….) Had I been there, I would have helped you. (=If I had been there, …..) Should it rain, they would not come. (=If it should rain, ….) I wish + 假設語氣 I wish + were / 過去式 – 表「現在」不能實現的願望 * I wish I were rich. * I wish I could speak